Soap making

Since the late 19th century, Lesvos had specialized in oil-soap production according to modern techniques and sold its products in the markets of Constantinople, the Asia Minor coastline and the cities of the Dead Sea. Soap production flourished on the island since 1875 to 1895; it was restrained since 1912 (Liberation). In order to make white and green soap, soap-factories of Lesvos used olive oil and seed-oil respectively, which were in abundance on the island. Typical soap-factory equipment, as we can also see nowadays in those extant in Perama, Plomari, etc., comprises of a soap-boiler (a cylindrical or conical boiler of thick sheet-irons) used for preparing the soap, a stirrer for blending soap with aromatic essences or powder and, finally, hand-presses that stamped it with the manufacturer’s trade name. The automatization of soap-factories in Lesvos began in the mid 1920s. The 1960s marked the great fall of soap sales worldwide, since detergents and liquid soap have prevailed ever since.To oil left over from the processing of olives and could not be used for food, he found another use: Mixed with soda and scented oils, lived about a day to cool (usually upstairs suitably shaped building, which had many windows, so the airflow through them to solidify the slurry of soap). The buildings which produced soaps called "soap" and was usually near mills to get from them, the raw material Is the famous mill and soap factory of "Papoutsanis" in Plomari like many others like it Perama (Gulf of Gera in Lesvos) etc.Materials: - Olive 68th gr. - Vegetable fat (butter or margarine) 700 g. - Caustic soda 200 g. - Distilled water 250 g. - Essential oil of flowers Neratzia (Neroli) 6th ml - Oranges Tools you will need: - A glass jar - Counter liquid - Kitchen Scale - 2 laboratory thermometers - Plastic containers of various shapes for molds - Wooden spoon - Casserole - Large knife - Grater for cheese Execution: Pour the caustic soda in a glass jar and adds slowly and carefully distilled water. We watch this process be done by adults away from young children and the face. Put mixture in the thermometer and wait to come down to 30.6 degrees Celsius. Take the pan and smooth over low heat phytin. Add the olive oil. Downs mixtures but the fire, put the thermometer and the second perimeter to Noumea reaches 36.6 degrees Celsius. When both mixtures reach temperature of 36.6 degrees, the mix throwing the mixture in the jug kettle with fats. The process of saponification begins. Grease plastic mold and pour on them the mixture, cover the pot with a blanket and leave until morning. The process of saponification is continued. Uncover the molds and let the air for another day. Next, remove the soap from the molds and cut into pieces. Allow the soap Lol other days uncovered to harden completely. Notes: The saponification should be done with the guidance of adults or in the presence of Professor of Chemistry. The same recipe can be prepared only with oil without using vegetable fats. In this case, the step of saponification prior to pouring, holding 2 to 3 days and needs gradual stirring the mixture.